An earthquake is a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth’s crust, resulting in shaking and displacement of the ground. It occurs along faults or tectonic plate boundaries due to the slippage of rock masses. The magnitude of the earthquake depends on factors like stress buildup, distance of rock movement, and the rock’s ability to transmit seismic waves. Aftershocks can occur following the main shock wave. Earthquakes can cause damage, trigger tsunamis, landslides, and volcanic activity. They can be natural or induced by human activities such as mining or nuclear experiments. The point of initial rupture is called the hypocenter, while the epicenter refers to the location on the Earth’s surface directly above the hypocenter.
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