Introduction: This is a new era of Artificial Intelligence [AI]. Artificial intelligence has given birth to robotics. As there is a huge scope for robotics, we find these robots in each field. Due to the growing popularity and also due to the research in the field of robotics, the days are very near wherein robots […]

Introduction: Visible light is the form in which electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in a particular range is interpreted by the human brain. Visible light is thus by definition comprised of visually-perceivable electromagnetic waves. The visible spectrum covers wavelengths from 380 nm to 750 nm. Figure 1: shows for each wavelength the associated color tone as

Introduction:    The bullet tracking system is used in a wide variety of applications. Most of the tracking systems use geographic position and time information from global positioning satellites. GSM(Global System of Mobile Communications) and GPS(Global Positioning System) based vehicle location and tracking systems will provide effective, real-time vehicle location, mapping, and reporting. It also

Introduction:    During the past decade, the Internet has witnessed an increasing level of online piracy of copyrighted content. In particular, Peer-to-Peer content distribution applications (e.g., BitTorrent, Gnutella) and Cyber locker services ( e.g., Megaupload) have facilitated the illegal sharing of copyrighted content1 At the same time, the availability of copyrighted content by these systems

Introduction: Optical communications have been used in various forms for thousands of years. After the invention of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) sources and light-emitting diodes (LED’) in the 1960s, optical communication quickly revolutionized and spread around the world. Wireless networking is dominated by the use of radio frequency (RF) techniques. The

Introduction:  Electricity is an extremely handy and useful form of energy. It plays an ever-growing role in our modern industrialized society. The electrical power systems are highly non-linear, extremely huge, and complex networks. Such electric power systems are unified for economic benefits, increased reliability, and operational advantages. They are one of the most significant elements

Introduction: India has the largest population of blind people in the world. That’s over 12 million people. Most of them live in the poorest parts of the country with little or no access to even basic healthcare facilities. Disability is a contextual experience and depends ion, on the interaction between an individual and his/her environment,

Introduction: Safety is a basic human need. Not only do people wish to keep themselves and their families safe, one of the most human of acts is to come to the assistance of another in a moment of threat or accident. Across societies and socio-economic classes, the mobile phone is fast becoming intrinsic to safety.

Introduction: The irrigation system is critical in the development of agriculture in every country. It has been established that efficient irrigation processes have the potential of literally doubling the amount of food a farm processes. Integrating modern technologies in irrigation management systems is one of the ways of enhancing the irrigation processes to optimize the

Introduction:          The increase in human-machine interactions in our dailylives has made user interface technology progressivelymore important. Physical gestures as intuitive expressions willgreatly ease the interaction process and enable humans to command computers or machines. For example, in telerobotics, slave robots have been demonstrated to follow themaster’s hand motions remotely. Other proposed applications of recognizing