On The Way E-Billing System Projects For Final Year Engineering Students                          

Introduction:

There was a time not so long ago when people were hesitant to pay their bills online. Many people distrusted the security of Internet transactions and viewed online bill payments as a loss of control over their money. But no longer. People today are paying every bill imaginable online — mortgages, tuition, utilities, loans, rent, credit cards, you name it.

Online payment will save money — both on postage and late fees — as well as time. Online bill payment is also safer than the snail-mail method. Your personal information is much more vulnerable to theft if it’s on paper and physically moving through the postal system. You can also use your credit card to pay all your bills, which can make it easier to keep track of financial matters — and you can earn airline travel miles and other cash-based rewards while you’re at it. The way you use electricity at home offers great opportunities for using energy wisely

Block diagram explanation

Power supply unit

This section needs two voltages viz., +12 V & +5 V, as working voltages. Hence specially designed power supply is constructed to get regulated power supplies.

RF transmitter

RF transmitters are electronic devices that create continuously varying electric currents, encode sine waves, and broadcast radio waves. RF transmitters use oscillators to create sine waves, the simplest and smoothest form of continuously varying waves, which contain information such as audio and video. Modulators encode these sign wives and antennas broadcast them as radio signals. There are several ways to encode or modulate this information, including amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM). Radio techniques limit localized interference and noise.

RF receiver

RF receivers are electronic devices that separate radio signals from one another and convert specific signals into audio, video, or data formats. RF receivers use an antenna to receive transmitted radio signals and a tuner to separate a specific signal from all of the other signals that the antenna receives. Detectors or demodulators then extract information that was encoded before transmission. There are several ways to decode or modulate this information, including amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM). Radio techniques limit localized interference and noise.

Buffers

Buffers do not affect the logical state of a digital signal (i.e. a logic 1 input results in a logic 1 output whereas logic 0 input results in a logic 0 output). Buffers are normally used to provide extra current drive at the output but can also be used to regularize the logic present at an interface

Drivers  

This section is used to drive the relay where the output is the complement of input which is applied to the drive but the current will be amplified

Relays

It is an electromagnetic device that is used to drive the load connected across the relay and the o/p of the relay can be connected to the controller or load for further processing.

Methodology:

The project “ON THE WAY E-BILLING” is developed to reduce the workload of a human and makes the payment for electricity online. Here pressing the micro switch will be considered as a consumed unit. In the real world, no need to press the switch automatically the Real World model will generate pulses for the consumed unit. Pressing of the micro switch will be considered as consumed units for that duration and those consumed units will be displayed on the LCD via Microcontroller. If a command comes from the KEB via RF transceiver (2) then whatever information that is displayed on the LCD of the home will be transmitted to the KEB via RF Transceiver (1) and the same information about the consumed unit will be displayed on the KEB end with the help of Microcontroller with LCD. The Command from the KEB will be done by pressing a Microswitch at the KEB end.

Advantages:

1. Simple: With e-bills, you no longer need to type in reference numbers, invoice amounts, and credit accounts.
2. Fast: You can check and pay your e-bills in just a few clicks of the mouse
3. Paperless: The e-bill is paperless – to the benefit of the environment. You can, of course, save your e-bills in PDF format on your computer.
4. Checkable: You can check and approve each e-bill, or click to reject it if there are any discrepancies.
5. Secure: The e-bills are transmitted securely
6. Printable records

Disadvantages:

1. One-time investment cost
2. Overdraft potential
3. Up-to-date computer hardware and software are essential for a paperless office, so you may have to upgrade your systems initially and keep them upgraded, which comes at a cost. If you don’t have an IT person in your company, you may need to hire one to monitor your system, train new users and perform regular backups of your information.
4. Maintaining tight security for your documents and business information is vital.

Applications:

1. Home bill payment.
2. This module can be used for Any type of payment with little modification.