Tilt Based Device Control Projects For Final Year Engineering Students                        

Introduction:

An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration. The proper acceleration measured by an accelerometer is not necessarily the coordinate acceleration (rate of change of velocity). Instead, the accelerometer sees the acceleration associated with the phenomenon of weight experienced by any test mass at rest in the frame of reference of the accelerometer device. For example, an accelerometer at rest on the surface of the earth will measure an acceleration g= 9.81 m/s² straight upwards, due to its weight. By contrast, accelerometers in free fall or at rest in outer space will measure zero. Another term for the type of acceleration that accelerometers can measure is g-force acceleration.

Accelerometers have multiple applications in industry and science. Highly sensitive accelerometers are components of inertial navigation systems for aircraft and missiles. Accelerometers are used to detect and monitor vibration in rotating machinery. Accelerometers are used in tablet computers and digital cameras so that images on screens are always displayed upright. Accelerometers are used in drones for flight stabilization.

Single- and multi-axis models of accelerometer are available to detect the magnitude and direction of the proper acceleration (org-force), as a vector quantity, and can be used to sense orientation (because the direction of weight changes), coordinate acceleration (so long as it produces g-force or a change in g-force), vibration, shock, and falling in a resistive medium (a case where the proper acceleration changes, since it starts at zero, then increases). Micromachined accelerometers are increasingly present in portable electronic devices and video game controllers, to detect the position of the device or provide for game input.

Pairs of accelerometers extended over a region of space can be used to detect differences (gradients) in the proper accelerations of frames of references associated with those points. These devices are called gravity gradiometers, as they measure gradients in the gravitational field. Such pairs of accelerometers in theory may also be able to detect gravitational waves. A tilt sensor can easily be used to detect orientation.

Block diagram explanation:

Power supply unit

This section needs two voltages viz., +12 V & +5 V, as working voltages. Hence specially designed power supply is constructed to get regulated power supplies.

Microcontroller:

The Atmel AT89 series is an Intel 8051-compatible family of 8-bit microcontrollers (µCs) manufactured by the Atmel Corporation. Based on the Intel 8051 core, the AT89 series remains very popular as general-purpose microcontrollers, due to their industry standard instruction set, and low unit cost. This allows a great amount of legacy code to be reused without modification in new applications. While considerably less powerful than the newer AT90 series of AVR RISC microcontrollers, new product development has continued with the AT89 series for the aforementioned advantages.

Buffers

Buffers do not affect the logical state of a digital signal (i.e. a logic 1 input results in a logic 1 output whereas logic 0 input results in a logic 0 output). Buffers are normally used to provide extra current drive at the output but can also be used to regularize the logic present at an interface

Drivers

This section is used to drive the relay where the output is the complement of input which is applied to the drive but the current will be amplified

Relays

It is an electromagnetic device that is used to drive the load connected across the relay and the o/p of the relay can be connected to the controller or load for further processing.

Load:

Here the devices of the building will be acts as a Load.

Methodology:

This project is developed to monitor the movement of the hand concerning X, Y, and Z direction with the help of a Tilt Sensor to activate the devices. the Tilt sensor senses the hand movement of the person. The received signal from the sensor will be sent to Microcontroller via Monostable to activate the devices based on the orientation of the hand movement. The design of the code will decide the device’s ON and OFF based on the orientation of the hand movement.

Advantages:

1. Easy design, More Flexible.  
2. It can be adapted to any organization or field with little modification.
3. Monitors movement of the Accelerometer and activates the devices.

Disadvantages:

1. Damage to the sensor cannot be detected.
2. One-time investment cost.

Applications:

1. Military applications.
2. Where the need of activating the devices via orientation, there we can use them.

3.For Personal vehicle.